As people age, they may experience a variety of foot and toenail problems due to changes in circulation, skin elasticity and overall mobility. Toenail issues are particularly common in the elderly and addressing them promptly is important to avoid complications that can affect mobility and quality of life. 

Causes of Toenail Problems in the Elderly 

Several factors contribute to toenail problems in elderly individuals: 

Poor Circulation: Reduced blood flow to the feet, often due to underlying conditions like diabetes or peripheral artery disease, can weaken the toenails and make them more susceptible to infection and injury. 

Thickening of Toenails: With age, toenails tend to become thicker and more difficult to trim. This can lead to improper cutting and increase the risk of ingrown toenails and other complications. 

Fungal Infections: Toenail fungus (onychomycosis) is more prevalent in older adults because the immune system weakens with age. Fungal infections cause discoloration, thickening and crumbling of the nails. 

Injury: Even minor foot trauma can lead to significant toenail issues in the elderly, particularly in those with reduced sensation due to conditions like neuropathy. 

Footwear: Wearing shoes that don’t fit properly can exacerbate toenail issues, such as ingrown toenails or pressure-related deformities. 

Symptoms of Toenail Problems 

Common symptoms that indicate toenail issues include: 

• Pain or discomfort around the toenail 
• Thickened, discoloured, or brittle nails 
• Swelling or redness around the nail area 
• Foul odour or yellowing, a sign of fungal infection 
• Ingrown toenails, where the nail curves into the skin, causing inflammation 

Treatment Options 

Treatment for toenail problems will depend on the underlying cause. For fungal infections, antifungal creams, oral medications, or laser treatments may be recommended. A podiatrist can file down thickened nails to reduce discomfort. Ingrown toenails may require careful trimming or, in severe cases, minor surgery to remove part of the nail. 

Proper foot hygiene, wearing well-fitting shoes and keeping nails trimmed are essential preventive steps. 

Why It’s Important to See a Podiatrist Early 

At the first sign of toenail problems, it’s critical to visit a podiatrist. Early intervention can prevent complications such as infections, especially in individuals with diabetes. A podiatrist can assess the condition and provide appropriate care, ensuring toenail health and preventing future mobility issues. Regular check-ups with a podiatrist can help maintain overall foot health and prevent long-term complications.