Here let’s first talk about what plantar arts are, what causes them and what are the signs and symptoms. Then let’s discuss the role of the immune system in fighting warts and enhancing recovery. 

What are plantar warts 

Plantar warts are small, rough growths that commonly develop on the heels or balls of your feet, areas that feel the most pressure. This pressure can also cause the warts to grow inward beneath a hard, thick layer of skin (callus). They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which enters through tiny cuts or breaks on the bottom of the feet.  

Signs and symptoms of plantar warts 

The signs and symptoms of plantar warts include a rough growth on the bottom of the foot, hard thickened skin, black pinpoints (commonly called wart seeds), clusters of growths and pain or tenderness when walking or standing. HPV is a common virus with over 100 types, but only a few cause warts on the feet, with others affecting different skin areas or mucous membranes. 

The role of the environment and immune system 

The virus thrives in warm, moist environments, such as swimming pools or locker rooms, and not everyone exposed to HPV develops warts, as individual immune responses vary. Plantar warts are less contagious compared to other warts and are more likely to affect children and teenagers, individuals with weakened immune systems or those who have had plantar warts before. 

When HPV infects the epidermis, the outer layer of skin, it may go unnoticed by the immune system, which is more active in the dermis, or the layer below. In many cases, a healthy immune system will fight off HPV before it causes warts. However, if the immune system is compromised or slow to respond, warts are more likely to develop. 

About protective measures and treatments 

Prevention and treatment involve bolstering the immune system’s ability to recognize and combat HPV. Protective measures include wearing shoes in communal areas and avoiding shared towels to minimise exposure to the virus. Treatments like cryotherapy, prescription medications and laser therapy not only aim to remove existing warts but also help the immune system identify and target the virus, reducing the likelihood of future outbreaks. 

The role of the immune system 

An effective immune response can be hampered if the virus infects areas that are typically less monitored by the immune system, like the epidermis. Therefore, treatments also serve as an alert to the immune system, prompting a more vigorous response to the virus. Understanding this interaction between HPV and the immune system is crucial for managing and preventing plantar warts. 

If you want to learn more or you require professional assistance in managing and preventing plantar warts, you can contact us here at Foot Lab Podiatry. We can also talk more about the most effective treatments and verify whether you indeed have plantar warts so we can prevent them from becoming worse.